Use of a Pseudomonas Aeruginosa vaccine in pateints with acute leukemia and cystic fibrosis.

A heptavalent lipopolysaccharide Pseudomonas vaccine was evaluated in 22 patients with acute 
leukemia and 12 patients with cystic fibrosis during an 18 month 
interval at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health. 
Of the 34 patients, 32 had an excellent serum hemagglutinating (HA) 
antibody response to immunization. In comparison to the patients with cystic 
fibrosis, the patients with leukemia had a smaller HA antibody response, 
which lasted a shorter period of time, and also}i experienced greater 
toxicity from the vaccine. The mixing of adrenal corticosteroids with vaccine 
greatly decreased side reactions among the patients with leukemia without significantly 
inhibiting antibody production. Previous antineoplastic chemotherapy had little influence on antibody 
response in patients with leukemia, with the exception of methortrexate. Vaccinated 
patients with leukemia had 1 Pseudomonas infection of 14 bacterial or 
fungal infections, whereas 2 pseudomonas infections of 5 bacterial or fungal 
infections occurred in a control group of 20 patients with acute 
leukemia. Of the 12 patients with cystic fibrosis, 4 had a 
Pseudomonas infection after vaccination. 