# Example 14.22 (Figure 14.3)
# usage: awk -f caps.awk titles

#   Capitalize input as a title.
#   Don't capitalize noise words, unless leading or already capitalized.
#   Don't change capitalization of words containing caps anywhere other
#   than at the beginning.

BEGIN {
    nw["a"] = 1;    nw["an"] = 1;   nw["and"] = 1;  nw["but"] = 1
    nw["by"] = 1;   nw["for"] = 1;  nw["from"] = 1; nw["in"] = 1
    nw["into"] = 1; nw["nor"] = 1;  nw["of"] = 1;   nw["on"] = 1
    nw["or"] = 1;   nw["over"] = 1; nw["the"] = 1;  nw["through"] = 1
    nw["to"] = 1;   nw["via"] = 1;  nw["with"] = 1
}
{
    for (i=1; i <= NF; i++) {
        if ((!nw[$i] || i == 1 || $(i-1) ~ /[:-]$/) \
                && ($i !~ /.+[A-Z]/)) {
            # capitalize
            $i = toupper(substr($i, 1, 1)) substr($i, 2)
        }
        printf $i " ";      # don't add trailing newline
    }
    printf "\n";
}